activescott's Notes

Public notes from activescott

Friday, August 28, 2026

A 1031 exchange lets investors defer capital gains tax on the sale of one investment property by reinvesting the proceeds into a like-kind property.

The replacement property must be identified within 45 days, and the exchange must be completed within 180 days.

The 45-day and 180-day time periods for a 1031 exchange run concurrently, starting when the relinquished property is transferred.

One of the most significant benefits of 1031 exchanges is their potential for estate planning. When a property owner dies, the owner’s heirs inherit the property at its stepped-up market value, and do not have to pay the deferred capital gains tax. A 1031 exchange can defer tax during the property owner's life; if the replacement property is held until death, Section 1014 may eliminate the built-in gain for heirs.1827

Depreciation enables real estate investors to pay lower taxes by deducting the costs of wear and tear on a property over its useful life.

When that property is eventually sold, the IRS will want to recapture some of those deductions and factor them into the total taxable income. A 1031 exchange can help to delay that event by essentially rolling over the cost basis from the old property to the new one that is replacing it. In many 1031 exchanges, the carryover basis generally continues under the old property's depreciation schedule, subject to IRS rules and exceptions.

Thursday, August 27, 2026

The immediate catalyst was the US Treasury’s decision to at least double its purchases of government bonds with longer maturities, from $2 billion to $4 billion a month with the aim of reducing longer-term Treasury yields, which have surged recently to highs last seen in 2007.

Bitcoin reacted almost immediately, rising nearly 6% on Aug. 19 before extending its gains. According to André Dragosch, head of research Europe at Bitwise, the Treasury announcement was the “major macro catalyst,” signaling a greater willingness to ease fiscal policy and contributing to a weaker US dollar.

“There are several drivers behind the recovery in bitcoin over the past week,” says Macellari, pointing to the recent White House crypto summit and potentially positive momentum on the Digital Asset Markets Clarity Act under consideration by the US Senate. “But the most significant driver is the debasement trade narrative coming back into the spotlight.”

Once prices started moving higher, leveraged short positions, which use borrowing to bet on the price weakness of bitcoin, were forced to close. According to Dragosch, last week there was a record amount of liquidated short positions, which added another layer of buying pressure, creating a classic “short squeeze”.

But the level of $80,000 remains the key test. CoinShares’ Butterfill expects bitcoin to remain within its current range unless the Federal Reserve provides clearer confirmation that the risk of further rate rises has disappeared, which “could provide the catalyst for a stable bitcoin breakout above the $80,000 threshold.”

Wednesday, August 26, 2026

Sieve is a programming language for email filtering. It owes its creation to the CMU Cyrus Project, creators of Cyrus IMAP server.

The language is not tied to any particular operating system or mail architecture. It requires the use of RFC-2822–compliant messages, but otherwise generalizes to other systems that meet these criteria. The current version of Sieve's base specification is outlined in RFC 5228, published in January 2008.

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As an administrator, you can customize how email is routed, delivered, and stored to meet your organization's needs.

For example, you might have incoming messages sent to an unknown address routed to a specific mailbox. Or, you might want messages addressed to a specific person automatically also sent to another person. You can have some people get their messages in Gmail and other people get email from your on-premise email server. Gmail can also scan inbound message stored on your on-premise server for spam and compliance.

Gmail split delivery lets you deliver incoming email messages to 2 different email systems in your domain, based on recipients you specify. For example, use split delivery when some people in your organization use Gmail and other people use a different email system.

Set up dual delivery when you need to deliver messages to 2 or more inboxes. For example, users can receive messages in a Gmail inbox and another inbox, for example an inbox on an on-premise email server.

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Upbound built Crossplane to help organizations build their platforms like the cloud vendors build theirs—with control planes. Crossplane is an open source, CNCF project built on the foundation of Kubernetes to orchestrate anything. Encapsulate policies, permissions, and other guardrails behind a custom API layer to enable consumers, whether human users, automated workflows, or AI agents, to self-service without needing to become an infrastructure expert.

Crossplane builds on the class leading Kubernetes control plane, extending its battle hardened reliability and security features like Role Based Access Control (RBAC) to orchestrate everything - not just containers. By extending Kubernetes’ control model beyond containers, Crossplane enables a unified control layer for infrastructure. Because it shares a foundation with Kubernetes, Crossplane also integrates smoothly with the broader cloud-native ecosystem, allowing platforms to build automation and higher-level tooling without reinventing infrastructure fundamentals.

One server for your email, calendars, contacts and shared files, with spam and phishing protection built in. Every standard protocol your clients already speak (JMAP, IMAP, POP3, SMTP, CalDAV, CardDAV and WebDAV) supported natively.

Running mail used to mean stitching together half a dozen separate components (an MTA, a message store, a spam filter, a calendar server, a contacts server, a file server) each with its own configuration quirks. Stalwart collapses all of that into one platform: fewer services to deploy, one configuration to learn, one place to look when something needs attention, and a smaller attack surface.

OPEN SOURCE EMAIL INFRASTRUCTURE for enterprises and high-volume senders

Because KumoMTA is Open Source, we don’t charge for the software — this work is sustained entirely through sponsorships. When you become a sponsor you not only gain access to support and services, you also help power the continued innovation and progress of today’s most advanced email solution.

All prices are per billion messages per year, with no limits on number of servers.

Higher volume senders can contact us for custom pricing.

Mailu is a simple yet full-featured mail server as a set of Docker images. It is free software (both as in free beer and as in free speech), open to suggestions and external contributions. The project aims at providing people with an easily setup, easily maintained and full-featured mail server while not shipping proprietary software nor unrelated features often found in popular groupware.

Main features include:

  • Standard email server, IMAP and IMAP+, SMTP and Submission with auto-configuration profiles for clients

  • Advanced email features, aliases, domain aliases, custom routing, full-text search of email attachments

  • Web access, multiple Webmails and administration interface

  • User features, aliases, auto-reply, auto-forward, fetched accounts, managesieve

  • Admin features, global admins, announcements, per-domain delegation, quotas

  • Security, enforced TLS, DANE, MTA-STS, Letsencrypt!, outgoing DKIM, anti-virus scanner, Snuffleupagus, block malicious attachments

  • Antispam, auto-learn, greylisting, DMARC and SPF, anti-spoofing

  • Freedom, all FOSS components, no tracker included

Until recently, the government rarely asked the justices to decide cases on the emergency/interim/shadow docket. Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama sought such action only 8 times in 16 years. But in the last decade, the Court’s definition of “emergency” has grown to include almost any lower-court ruling the justices feel like weighing in on. While these shadow docket orders are not final in a legal sense, they often are in a practical one — say, when the Court allows the president to deport an undocumented immigrant or fire thousands of civil servants.

Combine this with a president who believes everything is an emergency — during Trump’s first term his administration sought shadow docket relief 41 times — and you have a recipe for the sort of arbitrary, unexplained exercise of power that led Americans to declare their independence from the Crown in the first place.

Currently the Court is considering emergency appeals from Trump regarding whether he can build a new White House ballroom without going through Congress, and whether he can make it harder for Americans to cast their vote by mail (the way Trump himself votes).

Requiring officials to give reasons for their actions is the foundation of liberal society, the sine qua non of modern representative government. It’s what separates a constitutional democracy from an authoritarian regime. Indeed, it’s right there in the Constitution: The Great Writ — habeas corpus — is based on the principle that if the state wants to detain you or deprive you of your liberty, it must first bring you into open court and provide the precise reasons why.

In an incident from another case last fall, a veteran federal district judge, William G. Young, blocked the Trump administration from canceling millions of dollars in grants by the National Institutes of Health. Apparently, Young had failed to intuit the meaning of an earlier shadow docket ruling by the Supreme Court, which involved the canceling of grants by a separate agency while offering almost no actual reasoning. For this crime, the judge endured a harsh public scolding by Justices Neil Gorsuch and Brett Kavanaugh.

“Lower-court judges may sometimes disagree with this Court’s decisions, but they are never free to defy them,” Gorsuch wrote.

Young, a Reagan appointee and judge for 47 years, apologized in open court. “Never before this admonition has any judge in any higher court ever thought to suggest that this court had defied the precedent of a higher court — that was never my intention,” he said. “I simply did not understand that orders on the emergency docket were precedent,” he added. “I stand corrected.” (Never mind that the justices seem unable to agree even with themselves on this point: In his smackdown of Young, Gorsuch wrote that a Supreme Court decision is a “precedent that commands respect in lower courts,” but only five years ago Justice Samuel Alito had said emergency docket rulings are not precedential.)

Tuesday, August 25, 2026

More prosaically, you can use Sanoid to create, automatically thin, and monitor snapshots and pool health from a single eminently human-readable TOML config file at /etc/sanoid/sanoid.conf. (Sanoid also requires a "defaults" file located at /etc/sanoid/sanoid.defaults.conf, which is not user-editable.) A typical Sanoid system would have a single cron job but see INSTALL.md for more details:

The court’s conservative justices found in an emergency opinion that the states sued too early and that the administration could proceed with planning for restrictions on mail-in ballot voting while a lower court weighs the legality of these new guidelines. 

The three justices in the court’s liberal minority said they would have kept the lower court’s hold in place, with Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson calling the majority’s ruling a “Kafkaesque nightmare.”

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